The last thing to happen in the Hadean Eon was forming the Moon.
The volcanic activity produced an ocean of molten rock under a layer of nickel-and-iron rich “asthenosphere.” (asthenosphere is just a more technical term for the molten layer on top of the mantle) The Earth’s surface cooled enough to solidify into a crust, and then it was only over time, as the planet continued to cool, that plate tectonics was possible. The conventional currents produce a geodynamo, a magnetic field that shields the Earth from the solar wind. It was the first step for life to persist on Earth. Volcanoes were happening all over the place, and they were responsible for a lot of impacts and craters on Earth. There were very high pressures, which means that most rocks don’t move with enough ease to have a chance of breaking. Many of the remains of this time in the rocks would be hot, volatile materials (volatiles are unstable compounds that quickly break down). The Earth was still very hot during this time. The whole planet was in danger of being utterly destroyed. There were massive volcanoes and earthquakes everywhere. The Earth was just being made and was still a very hostile place. A survivorship curve explains the history of life in a very understandable way. There were numerous impacts during this time, which caused devastating volcanoes that would later cool into the Earth’s primordial crust. The Earth was surrounded by giant rocks, which bombarded it constantly, causing extreme temperatures and volcanoes on the surface of the planet itself, sometimes reaching up to 1000 degrees Celsius (1832 degrees Fahrenheit). The Hadean eon began about 4.5 billion years ago (00.5 billion years ago) and lasted for about 500 million years. In Greek mythology, Hadean refers to Earth being in the “Hades zone” or “hellish zone,” named for the Underworld. The Earth formed 4.5 billion years ago, but scientists think that meteors and asteroids were crashing into it, which created a lot of extreme temperatures and pressure on the planet’s surface. The Hadean eon is the earliest period in Earth’s history.
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